How to maintain the lubrication system of CNC machine tools
1. Daily maintenance points
Oil level monitoring
Check the oil level in the oil tank before starting the machine every day to ensure that it is within the calibration range (between the upper and lower limits).
Observe the oil window or electronic level gauge, and add the same type of lubricant in time when the oil is insufficient.
Oil quality management
Visually check the color of the lubricant: Normally it is transparent or light yellow. If it is black or turbid, it needs to be replaced immediately.
Hand twist detection: Take a small amount of oil and rub it. If it contains metal powder or particles, it needs to be filtered or changed.
Pipeline inspection
Check whether the oil pipe connection is leaking, and focus on checking the distribution valve, joints and other vulnerable parts.
Touch the oil pipe temperature: The pipeline should remain slightly warm in the operating state. Local overheating may indicate blockage.
Lubrication point verification
Manually trigger the lubrication pump and observe whether each lubrication point (guide rail, screw, bearing) is normally discharging oil.
Wipe the oil outlet with a white cloth to check whether the oil stains are evenly distributed.
2. Periodic maintenance specifications
Oil replacement
Change the oil regularly according to the equipment manual (usually 500-800 hours), and shorten the cycle under extreme working conditions.
Clean the oil tank thoroughly when changing the oil: wipe the inner wall with non-woven cloth to remove deposited impurities.
Filter element maintenance
Clean/replace the oil suction filter element and pipeline filter every month.
Replace the paper filter element directly, and clean the metal filter with kerosene and dry it for reuse.
Dispenser calibration
Test the quantitative dispenser every quarter:
Set the standard oil output (such as 0.1ml/time)
Collect the oil output for 3 times and take the average value. If the error exceeds ±5%, it needs to be adjusted or replaced.
Pump body maintenance
Disassemble the lubrication pump every six months, check the wear of the plunger, and replace the O-ring.
Test the pump pressure: When the no-load pressure exceeds the rated value by 10%, check the risk of pipeline blockage.
3. Key fault prevention measures
Oil mixing risk control
Strictly use the lubricating oil of the specified model of the equipment, and do not mix greases of different brands/models.
Refueling tools (oil guns, oil pots) are used for specific oils to avoid cross contamination.
Moisture prevention and control
Install desiccant on the oil tank breathing valve to prevent water vapor condensation.
Check the bottom of the oil tank every day during the rainy season and drain it immediately if water is found.
Abnormal warning setting
Set lubrication alarm parameters in the CNC system:
Oil pressure below 0.4MPa triggers an alarm
Automatic shutdown when the single oil filling time exceeds 30 seconds
Configure an oil particle size sensor to monitor the pollution level in real time (NAS level 8 or less is normal).
4. Standardization of maintenance records
Establish a lubrication maintenance log to record daily oil level, oil replenishment amount and abnormal conditions.
Use QR code management system:
Generate a dedicated lubrication file for each device
Scan the code to view historical data, next maintenance time and operating specifications.
Analyze the lubricant consumption curve every quarter, and abnormal fluctuations require leakage or distribution failure.