How to maintain the lubrication system of CNC machine tools

1. Daily maintenance points

Oil level monitoring

Check the oil level in the oil tank before starting the machine every day to ensure that it is within the calibration range (between the upper and lower limits).

Observe the oil window or electronic level gauge, and add the same type of lubricant in time when the oil is insufficient.

 

Oil quality management

Visually check the color of the lubricant: Normally it is transparent or light yellow. If it is black or turbid, it needs to be replaced immediately.

Hand twist detection: Take a small amount of oil and rub it. If it contains metal powder or particles, it needs to be filtered or changed.

 

Pipeline inspection

Check whether the oil pipe connection is leaking, and focus on checking the distribution valve, joints and other vulnerable parts.

Touch the oil pipe temperature: The pipeline should remain slightly warm in the operating state. Local overheating may indicate blockage.

 

Lubrication point verification

Manually trigger the lubrication pump and observe whether each lubrication point (guide rail, screw, bearing) is normally discharging oil.

Wipe the oil outlet with a white cloth to check whether the oil stains are evenly distributed.

 

2. Periodic maintenance specifications

Oil replacement

Change the oil regularly according to the equipment manual (usually 500-800 hours), and shorten the cycle under extreme working conditions.

Clean the oil tank thoroughly when changing the oil: wipe the inner wall with non-woven cloth to remove deposited impurities.

 

Filter element maintenance

Clean/replace the oil suction filter element and pipeline filter every month.

Replace the paper filter element directly, and clean the metal filter with kerosene and dry it for reuse.

 

Dispenser calibration

Test the quantitative dispenser every quarter:

Set the standard oil output (such as 0.1ml/time)

Collect the oil output for 3 times and take the average value. If the error exceeds ±5%, it needs to be adjusted or replaced.

 

Pump body maintenance

Disassemble the lubrication pump every six months, check the wear of the plunger, and replace the O-ring.

Test the pump pressure: When the no-load pressure exceeds the rated value by 10%, check the risk of pipeline blockage.

 

3. Key fault prevention measures

Oil mixing risk control

Strictly use the lubricating oil of the specified model of the equipment, and do not mix greases of different brands/models.

Refueling tools (oil guns, oil pots) are used for specific oils to avoid cross contamination.

 

Moisture prevention and control

Install desiccant on the oil tank breathing valve to prevent water vapor condensation.

Check the bottom of the oil tank every day during the rainy season and drain it immediately if water is found.

 

Abnormal warning setting

Set lubrication alarm parameters in the CNC system:

Oil pressure below 0.4MPa triggers an alarm

Automatic shutdown when the single oil filling time exceeds 30 seconds

Configure an oil particle size sensor to monitor the pollution level in real time (NAS level 8 or less is normal).

 

4. Standardization of maintenance records

Establish a lubrication maintenance log to record daily oil level, oil replenishment amount and abnormal conditions.

 

Use QR code management system:

Generate a dedicated lubrication file for each device

Scan the code to view historical data, next maintenance time and operating specifications.

Analyze the lubricant consumption curve every quarter, and abnormal fluctuations require leakage or distribution failure.